.....We therefore investigated, in individuals with various degrees of glucose metabolism, the associations of plasma AGEs with prevalent CVD.Research Design and Methods:We measured plasma levels of protein-bound Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), Nε-(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL), and pentosidine, in participants from two Dutch cohort studies (n = 1291, mean age 64.7 ± 8.3 years, 45% women), including 573 individuals with normal glucose metabolism, 304 with impaired glucose metabolism, and 414 with T2DM. In addition, we measured free CML, CEL, and 5-hydro-5-methylimidazolone in a subset of participants (n = 554). Data were analyzed with multiple logistic or linear regression analyses.Results:Protein-bound levels of CEL (32 [interquartile range: 25-40 vs 28 {22-35} nmol/mmol lysine]) and pentosidine (0.53 [0.43-0.67] vs 0.48 [0.40-0.59] nmol/mmol lysine) as well as free CEL (48 [39-62] vs 45 [36-56] nmol/L) and 5-hydro-5-methylimidazolone (141 [96-209] vs 116 [84-165] nmol/L) were higher in individuals with vs without CVD, whereas protein-bound CML was lower (33 [27-38] vs 34 [29-39] nmol/mmol lysine). However, these differences disappeared after adjustment for confounders. The associations did not differ consistently between individuals with and without T2DM.Conclusions:We found no independent adverse associations of plasma AGEs with CVD in individuals with normal glucose metabolism, impaired glucose metabolism, and T2DM.